Abstract
The increasing integration of digital technologies in agriculture has positioned the Internet of Things (IoT) as a critical enabler of smart and sustainable farming systems; however, despite the rapid expansion of research in this domain, a comprehensive understanding of its development, particularly within Southeast Asia, remains limited. This study addresses this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of IoT applications in agriculture, focusing on research trends, collaboration networks and thematic evolution. Bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using performance analysis and science mapping techniques through VOSviewer and the Bibliometrix package in R. The results reveal a significant increase in scientific production, particularly after 2018, indicating the transition of the field into a rapidly expanding research domain, while the citation patterns suggest a gradual stabilization of the impact of the research, reflecting its maturation. India, Malaysia and China emerge as the leading contributors in terms of productivity, influence on citations and collaboration, although disparities in research capacity persist within Southeast Asia. Collaboration analysis highlights strong global integration but limited intra-regional connectivity, pointing to opportunities for strengthening regional research networks. Thematic analysis identifies four major research domains: IoT infrastructure, intelligent systems, sustainability and emerging digital technologies with a clear shift toward data-driven and sustainability-oriented applications. This study provides a region-specific analysis of IoT-driven agricultural research, offering insights to strengthen collaboration, research capacity and sustainable agricultural innovation in Southeast Asia and other developing regions.
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, Internet of Things (IoT), Precision Agriculture, Smart Agriculture, Southeast Asia.