Abstract
The antibacterial and anticancer roles of Iraqi bee venom were detected in the current study, and their medical applications were highlighted for future uses. The FTIR analysis of bee venom produced that amide Bands I and II (proteins, peptides) were present. Band I is generally observed at 1658.07 cm⁻¹ and is attributable to stretching of the C=O vibrations in the peptide backbone. Band II occurs at approximately 1534.42 cm⁻¹, indicating the existence of peptides (such as melittin). The multiple MICs were done, and it showed good antibacterial activity. It was prominent for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 14 mm at 0.1 mg/L) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 18 mm). The anticancer effects were evaluated by MTT cell line cytotoxicity assays. Cancer cell line cytotoxicity of bee venom revealed decreased viability for both cell lines, but it more affected the MCF-7 cancer cells than the normal fibroblast HDFN, indicating selective cytotoxic properties. Note that 400 µg/ml represented the maximum selectivity toward the normal cell line HdFn with Mean ± Std. Deviation (72.33800 ± .6940; 29.20500 ± .4818) for HdFn and MCF-7, respectively. The output was consistent with sustainable goals.
Keywords: Apitoxin, Ebrubicin, GC MASS, MCF-7, MDR, MTT.