Abstract
Africa stands at the frontline of the global climate crisis, facing disproportionate risks to environmental health and economic development despite contributing minimally to global greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change intensifies the continent’s vulnerabilities, including food and water insecurity, infectious disease burdens, and environmental degradation, while threatening to reverse hard-won development gains. This paper explores integrated pathways for building resilience and achieving sustainable development in Africa by examining the interconnectedness of climate change, environmental health, and economic growth through a comprehensive conceptual framework and systematic analysis of barriers and enablers. It reviews continental strategies such as the African Union’s Climate Change and Resilient Development Strategy and Action Plan, which emphasise adaptation, mitigation, and inclusive, low-carbon economic transformation as central pillars for resilience. The analysis highlights the critical need for cross-sectoral policy coordination, investment in renewable energy and green infrastructure, and strengthening of health systems to withstand climate shocks. By leveraging Africa’s vast renewable energy potential and fostering innovation in climatesmart agriculture and circular economies, the continent can chart a path toward equitable, climate-resilient development that safeguards public health and economic prosperity. The paper concludes that integrated, multisectoral approaches—grounded in regional cooperation, robust governance, and inclusive stakeholder engagement—are essential for enabling Africa to adapt to climate change, protect environmental health, and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Keywords: Africa, Climate Change, Economic Development, Environmental Health, Sustainable Development.