Abstract
The development of molecular profiles has radically changed the diagnosis and classification of adult type diffuse gliomas and aims to improve the selection and administration of appropriate therapy. This study aims to determine the appropriate diagnostic algorithm in cases of adult type diffuse gliomas, especially to differentiate astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma. An analytical observational study for diagnostic development with a cross-sectional analityc study design was undertaken since May 2024 – May 2025 at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Mardjono Jakarta Hospital. Inferential analysis to analyze the differences in ATRX, GFAP, OLIG2 expression between astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma using the Fisher Exact Test. The diagnostic values were analyzed using the MedCalc calculator. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. This study found differences in ATRX expression (p = 0.000) and OLIG2 (p = 0.001) but no differences in GFAP (p = 0.878) between astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma patients. The diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity and accuracy) of each diagnostic biomarker in differentiating the diagnosis of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma were ATRX positive (100%, 70.3% and 78.9%); GFAP> 8.5 (89.2%, 13.33% and 67.31%); and OLIG2> 7.5 (86.7%, 43.2% and 55.8%). It can be concluded that in differentiating astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma diagnostics, ATRX (+) protein expression has the best sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compared to OLIG2 and GFAP.
Keywords: Elementary School, Learning Outcomes, Psychological Aspects, Science Learning Difficulties.