Dual-battery Control Strategies for Agricultural EV’s

Agricultural electric cars present an excellent opportunity for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing energy efficiency and fostering sustainability. Weights that can be expected by Agricultural Electric Vehicles (AEV) depend on various factors including geography, soil type, implement penetration depth and agriculture activities. It is difficult to optimize the use of battery energy. There is unbalanced usage of battery, poor mileage and less operational flexibility in conventional single battery structure due to energy demands. With respect to this problem, this research paper proposes the modeling and analysis of AEV DBEMS. Heuristic rule based control, FLC and RL energy management systems are designed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under realistic agricultural load. The system takes into consideration energy allocation, state of charge balancing, switching frequency and energy efficiency. Comparative simulation results show that there is significant state of charge imbalance with little switching in the heuristic control system. The fuzzy logic controller helps to balance the SoC; however, it raises the switching frequency, while the RL controller offers the best performance due to its ability to balance the SoC, reduce unnecessary switching operations and enhance energy efficiency. This technique helps to extend battery life and improve battery adaptability. The results obtained provide evidence for the application of intelligent dual battery energy management systems in future agricultural electric vehicles and precision agriculture adaptive energy management systems.